孟德斯鳩：立國三制


▲立國三制
治國政府，其形質有三：曰公治，曰君主，曰專制。公治者，國中無上主權，主於全體或一部分之國民者也；君主者，治以一君矣，而其為治也，以有恆舊立之法度；專制者，治以一君，而一切出於獨行之己意。
是三界說者，所謂治制之形質是已，知其形質矣。其次則求其本形質而立之法典，蓋本於形質而立者，固根本之法典也。
——孟德斯鳩

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